What are the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy?

Acute causes of cervical lymphadenopathy:

●  Acute bacterial lymph node inflammation.

●  Acute lymphatic leukemia

●  Acute infectious mononucleosis – Epstein Barr Virus

Chronic causes of cervical lymphadenopathy:

Inflammatory

1.Non-specific chronic pyogenic lymphadenitis

2.Specific

●  Tuberculosis

●  Syphilis

●  Sarcoidosis

●  Brucellosis

●  Fungal disease

Neoplastic:

●  Primary Lymphoma

●  Lymphosarcoma

●  Reticulum cell sarcoma

●  Chronic lymphatic leukemia.

●  Burkitt’s lymphoma

Autoimmune

●  Systemic lupus erythromatosis.

●  Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Generalised causes of cervical lymphadenopathy:

I] Inflammatory

●  Acute

●  Septicemia

●  Infectious Mononucleosis

II] Chronic

●  Tuberculosis

●  Syphilis

III] Reticulosis

●   Hodgkin’s disease

●  Lymphosarcoma

●  Lymphatic leukemia

Diagnosis of Lymph node swellings:

●   Routine blood and X-ray tests

●  Fine Needle Aspitarion Cytology

●  Excision Biopsy of the swelling if required